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Jakob Beirowski

 

Figure 1 Schematic illustration of a particle stabilised by a steric stabiliser. Note that it has been reported that both the degree of adsorption and the density / thickness of the steric barrier are essential factors to mitigate freezing and drying stresses
Figure 1 Schematic illustration of a particle stabilised by a steric stabiliser. Note that it has been reported that both the degree of adsorption and the density / thickness of the steric barrier are essential factors to mitigate freezing and drying stresses
article

Stabilisation of nanoparticles during freeze drying: The difference to proteins

The underlying concept for the stabilisation of proteins during freeze…

31 August 2011 | By Jakob Beirowski and Henning Gieseler, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Division of Pharmaceutics, Freeze Drying Focus Group

The underlying concept for the stabilisation of proteins during freeze drying is the formation of a glassy matrix in which the macromolecules remain isolated and immobilised. The concept relies on the so-called ‘vitrification hypothesis’ which assumes that the formation of an amorphous phase by lyoprotectants is mandatory to interact with…

Lyophilisation freeze drying machine
Lyophilisation freeze drying machine
article

Application of DSC and MDSC in the development of freeze dried pharmaceuticals

Freeze drying of pharmaceuticals requires an adequate formulation design to…

3 December 2008 | By Jakob Beirowski, Pharmacist and Dr. Henning Gieseler, Assistant Professor, Division of Pharmaceutics, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg

Freeze drying of pharmaceuticals requires an adequate formulation design to prevent low-temperature, freezing and drying stresses. The goal is to achieve a final product with long storage stability and elegant appearance. To meet these specifications the product temperature must be controlled below the critical formulation temperature during the freeze drying…