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Figure 1: Sample preparation techniques for mass spectrometry based pharmaceutical and metabolite analysis. The three approaches discussed in the paper are outlined: (Top) mass spectrometry imaging from dosed tissue sections, (Middle) liquid chromatography mass spectrometry of tissue extracts or plasma/serum samples, (Bottom) gas chromatography mass spectrometry of plasma/serum samples
Figure 1: Sample preparation techniques for mass spectrometry based pharmaceutical and metabolite analysis. The three approaches discussed in the paper are outlined: (Top) mass spectrometry imaging from dosed tissue sections, (Middle) liquid chromatography mass spectrometry of tissue extracts or plasma/serum samples, (Bottom) gas chromatography mass spectrometry of plasma/serum samples

MS-based methods for detection, quantitation and localisation of pharmaceuticals and metabolites in biological samples

18 December 2012 | By Tyler Greer, Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison and Lingjun Li, Department of Chemistry & School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison

Mass spectrometry is a powerful, multi-faceted technique capable of analysing pharmaceuticals and their metabolites in biological matrices. Although it is more commonly applied to proteins, peptides and lipids, an increasing number of studies use mass spectrometry based techniques to detect, quantitate and localise pharmaceuticals and their metabolites. The availability of…

Found in translation

18 December 2012 | By Theresa LaVallee, Senior Director, Translational Medicine Oncology, MedImmune

The development of biologic therapies has significantly shifted the treatment paradigm in medicine, particularly in oncology. Groundbreaking research over the past 20 years has sparked new ways of thinking about disease pathology and opened the door for novel targeted therapies that have truly revolutionised medical care. In more recent years,…

RNAi_Europe
RNAi_Europe

Putting the ‘fun’ into functional genomics: a review of RNAi genomewide cellular screens

18 December 2012 | By Dr. Stephen Brown, Sheffield RNAi Screening Facility, Biomedical Sciences, University of Sheffield

As RNA interference (RNAi) enters its teenage years from the first critical observations, it has now reached a multi-billion pound industry. There are few research areas that have expanded as quickly and spectacularly as the field of RNAi. The potential of RNAi initially sparked a functional genomics gold rush. Different…

What is label-free screening and why use it in drug discovery?
What is label-free screening and why use it in drug discovery?

What is label-free screening and why use it in drug discovery?

18 December 2012 | By Matthew A. Cooper and Reena Halai, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, the University of Queensland

In the journey of a molecule from its origins in a compound library to candidate drug status, a large variety of profiling must occur to define activity, selectivity, potency, adverse effects, pharmacology and in vivo efficacy. Advances in biophysical methods that can analyse drug interactions with a molecular target, a…

Drug discovery assays for the histone deacetylase class of enzymes
Drug discovery assays for the histone deacetylase class of enzymes

Drug discovery assays for the histone deacetylase class of enzymes

18 December 2012 | By Sheraz Gul and Gesa Witt, European ScreeningPort GmbH

The histone deacetylase (HDAC) class of enzyme are a group of conserved enzymes known for their ability to remove acetyl groups from lysine residues on histone tails. Since aberrant HDAC enzyme expression is observed in various diseases, there is increasing interest in finding small molecules which function as HDAC enzyme…

Table 1: Confounding effects influencing measured RNA levels
Table 1: Confounding effects influencing measured RNA levels

RNA quality matters

18 December 2012 | By Mikael Kubista, Jens Björkman, David Svec and Robert Sjöback, TATAA Biocenter

RNA levels can be measured with very high specificity, sensitivity and accuracy with techniques such as real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR), microarray analysis and next generation sequencing. This makes messenger (m) RNAs and potentially microRNAs and other non-coding RNAs popular as biomarkers. But RNA is less stable and more dynamic than…

Under the Microscope: John Comer, Sirius Analytical

18 December 2012 | By Helen Bahia, Editor, European Pharmaceutical Review

John Comer, Chief Scientific Officer at Sirius Analytical, discusses particle size analysis and characterisation. Sirius Analytical was founded in 1989 with the goal to become a world-class manufacturer of innovative instrumentation for chemical analysis. Today, Sirius Analytical makes instruments to measure the physicochemical properties of drugs, specifically pKa, logP, solubility…

Rapid micro methods and the next generation in ATP bioluminescence

25 October 2012 | By Michael J. Miller, President, Microbiology Consultants, LLC and Noe Miyashita, Researcher, Hitachi Plant Technologies, Ltd

This is the fifth paper in our continuing series on Rapid Microbiological Methods (RMM) that will appear in European Pharmaceutical Review during 2012. As many of you know, I am always on the lookout for the next generation of rapid microbiological method (RMM) technologies and solutions. In this article, I…

qPCR In-Depth Focus 2012
qPCR In-Depth Focus 2012

qPCR In-Depth Focus 2012

24 October 2012 | By

In this qPCR In-Depth Focus: Setting the bar; Q & A - Mikael Kubista from the TATAA Biocenter poses five questions for Jay Brock, Senior Manager, Applications and Technical Support, USB® Life Science Reagents from Affymetrix; Not your grandfathers’ real-time PCR...

Biologics: Teamwork pays off in race to expand market for monoclonal antibodies

22 October 2012 | By Bahija Jallal, Executive Vice President, Research & Development, MedImmune

The first biologic drug – infliximab (Remicade) – was launched in 1998 with initial sales of USD 500 million per annum. By 2010, Reuters’ top 10 drugs by sales included five biologics (Remicade, Enbrel, Humira, Avastin and Humira) generating around USD 34 billion in revenue, including USD 7.4 billion from…

Applications of MRI to controlled drug delivery devices

22 October 2012 | By Mick Mantle, Department of Chemical Engineering & Biotechnology, University of Cambridge

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a technique that is traditionally used as a diagnostic clinical imaging tool. However, there are now an increasing number of non-medial applications where MRI has seen unrivalled success. One of those areas is in its application to pharmaceutical research. The aim of this article is…

Figure 1: Typical product temperature profiles during uncontrolled nucleation indicated by thermocouples placed centre bottom within the vial. 1: degree of supercooling; 2: nucleation temperature, Tn; 3: equilibrium freezing temperature, Tf.
Figure 1: Typical product temperature profiles during uncontrolled nucleation indicated by thermocouples placed centre bottom within the vial. 1: degree of supercooling; 2: nucleation temperature, Tn; 3: equilibrium freezing temperature, Tf.

Controlled nucleation in freeze-drying

22 October 2012 | By Henning Gieseler, Associate Professor at the Division of Pharmaceutics, University of Erlangen & CEO, GILYOS GmbH and Peter Stärtzel, Pharmaceutical Scientist, GILYOS GmbH

The stochastic nature of nucleation during the freezing step of the freeze-drying process has been regarded as a demerit in a process which is considered under rigorous control. The freezing performance of a product can impact its subsequent drying behaviour and the final product quality attributes. Hence, the idea to…